Human Genetics Commission 19/7/02. By Deirdre Janson-Smith The Human Genetics Commission provides expert advice on current developments in human genetics and medicine, and the broad ethical and social issues that arise from them.

The Human Genetics Commission (HGC) is an independent advisory body established in 1999. Its primary tasks are to keep under review the likely benefits and risks of advances in human genetics; to address the ethical, legal and social implications arising from these advances, and to advise government. A key element of its work is to actively consult the public and other stakeholders, and to explore new ways of increasing public knowledge and understanding.

The HGC is one of three independent bodies set up by the government in 2000 to meet the need for a transparent process of consultation and advice to restore public trust, and to allow it to respond effectively to the new developments. The HGC advises on health, whilst a new Agriculture and Environment Biotechnology Commission covers GM crops, and the Food Standards Agency GM food.

THE HGC consults widely through large-scale surveys, discussion documents and published reports, as well as holding public meetings and discussions with stakeholder bodies and groups. In 2002, for example, it published 'Inside Information', a report that addressed growing concerns about the uses of personal genetic information and made recommendations to government to protect individual and societal interests.

The HGC offers practical advice to government (especially Health and Science) on priorities in research and the delivery of NHS genetic services. It gives guidance on general issues around the introduction and use of novel technologies, including in the NHS. And it takes an overview of the regulatory and advisory framework in order to advise ministers and identify gaps. Ministers remain free to accept the HGC's advice, or not.

The HGC focuses on UK developments (taking account of legal and other differences between England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland), but also considers how the UK fits with European and global approaches to human genetics.

With the exception of the Chair of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority, who has an ex officio seat, the 22 members of the HGC are appointed on individual merit and not as representatives of any body or group. They represent a broad range of expertise and interests, and include experts in genetics, ethics, law, consumer affairs and those with genetic disorders. The current chair is Baroness Helena Kennedy QC.